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THE CONCEPT DECKUNG IN HUSSERL’S PHENOMENOLOGY AND ITS ROLE IN COMMUNICATION

Abstract
The article examines the spectrum of the senses of the concept Deckung in Husserl’s phenomenology. Three main aspects of this concept are distinguished, which correlate with existing Russian and English translations: Deckung as ‘coincidence’, as ‘overlaying’ (‘overlapping’) and as ‘covering’ (‘backing’, in our terms also ‘response’). The second perspective demonstrates already the affective nature of the act of meaning, which is emphasized in the third perspective and explained as the ‘request’ of the act of meaning. The synthetic character of the Deckuung marks the twofold structure of sense-giving. It does not imply the temporal sequence, but allows us to identify the role of passive structures in the genesis of sense and to relate the sense-giving to the problematic of intersubjectivity and the constitution of a common world. We propose to consider the third aspect of the interpretation of Deckung as the most productive. This interpretation is used mainly in the description of intersubjective empathy and understanding in communication. This approach allows us to explore the flexible mode of motivation in Deckung and emphasizes the difficulties with validation of “coincidence”. We propose to substitute the ideal of “evidence” in the Deckung-synthesis by intersubjective communicaton with the criterion of “sufficiency”, since the horizon structure of the world reveals the world as a field of constant coordination of “mine” and “foreign” meanings. The description with concepts of “request” and “response” allows us to reconsider the rigid distinction between “mine” and “foreign” — we propose to use the concepts of “takeover” (Übernahme) and “participation” (Teilhabe) for description of more complicated variants. The acception of “responsibility” plays in these circumstances a significant role — “responsibility” does not mean some kind of moral choice, but only an orientation toward intersubjective interaction and a readiness for collaborative constitution of the world. This third interpretation of Deckung does not contradict the first two, but expands the context of consideration, marks various problematic areas in which it is used, and takes into account the further developing this concept in French phenomenology.

Keywords
Deckung, E. Husserl, intersubjectivity, understanding, empathy, communication, life-world, community.

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